安装系统为centos7.x

yum install centos-release-scl -y
cd /opt && wget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm
rpm -i pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm
[ -f /opt/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm ] && rm /opt/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm -rf
yum clean all && yum makecache && yum install postgresql11* -y
/usr/pgsql-11/bin/postgresql-11-setup initdb 
systemctl enable postgresql-11 && systemctl stop postgresql-11
mkdir -p /opt/data/postgresql11 && chown postgres:postgres /opt/data/postgresql11 -R
cd /var/lib/pgsql/11/ && mv * /opt/data/postgresql11/  
sed -i 's/Environment=PGDATA=\/var\/lib\/pgsql\/11\/data\//Environment=PGDATA=\/opt\/data\/postgresql11\/data\//g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-11.service
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start postgresql-11